rs2395029

rs2395029 is a SNP in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, and several studies have shown that the rs2395029(G) allele is 99.9% predictive of the presence of an HLA-B*5701 allele in many (but not all) Caucasian and Hispanic populations. This HLA allele, in turn, has been associated with several conditions. A study of 51 cases of flucloxacillin drug-induced liver injury (DILI), an important cause of serious liver disease, along with a replication study of another 23 cases, found that the rs2395029(G) carriers were at highly increased risk (odds ratio 80, p=8.7x10(-33)). * see also: 23andMe blog rs2395029(G;G) increases the odds of drug-induced liver injury in response to flucloxacillin by 45x This SNP is thought to be involved in determining the HIV viral load set point during the asymptomatic period of infection. This SNP is estimated to explain 9.6% of the total variation in the viral set point. Humans show remarkable variation in vulnerability to infection by HIV-1 and especially in the clinical outcome following infection. One striking and largely unexplained difference is the level of circulating virus in the plasma during the non-symptomatic phase preceding progression to AIDS. This is known as the viral set point and can vary among individuals by as much as 4 to 5 logs. The HCP5 (HLA complex P5) gene is located 100 kb centromeric from HLAB on chromosome 6. HCP5 is a good candidate to interact with HIV-1, possibly through an antisense mechanism. Moreover, HCP5 is predicted to encode two proteins, and the associated polymorphism results in an amino acid substitution in one of these. rs9264942 is also reported to be associated with reduced HIV viral load set point. In most European populations, the rs2395029(G) allele is in tight linkage disequilibrium (r2 = 1) with the HLA-B*5701 allele, and therefore is predictive of hypersensitivity to the drug abacavir, an antiviral used to treat HIV+ individuals. However, the linkage between rs2395029 and HLA-B*57:01 is not well studied in African and Asian populations, and in one Italian population, the linkage is questionable.. nature Abacavir hypersensitivity rs2395029 rs2395029 reported to be associated with psoriasis in a large US/UK study rs2395029 was found to be associated with psoriasis based on a study by the eMERGE network in which electronic medical records were searched to find clinical associations associated with selected SNPs. HIV-1 nonprogressors (odds ratio, 3.47) Marker HLA-B*5701 hypersensitivity to the HIV drug abacavir; FDA warning here HIV Progression Abacavir Hypersensitivity Floxacillin Toxicity

G;G

23andMe blog rs2395029(G;G) increases the odds of drug-induced liver injury in response to flucloxacillin by 45x marker HLA-B*5701 hypersensitivity to the HIV drug abacavir an HIV viral load 2 logs lower than the most common genotype PMID 17641165

G;T

risk for hypersensitivity to various drugs including abacavir This genotype is associated with an HIV viral load 1 log (10 fold) lower than the most common genotype (rs2395029(T;T)). PMID 17641165 Possible 2x higher risk for psoriasis See also rs2395029 and HIV. The (G) allele frequency is only 0.05 which means only about 1 in 10 people have this genotype.

T;T

The rs2395029(T;T) genotype is the common genotype for this SNP, against which the rs2395029(T;G) and rs2395029(G;G) genotypes that are associated with reduced HIV viral load in HIV carriers are compared. PMID 17641165 See also rs9264942 and HIV.