rs4648317
A SNP in the DRD2 gene on chromosome 11. Its most notable genotype is A;A: prone to higher nicotine dependence, more impulsive/sensation seeking
- Gene
- DRD2
- Location
- Chr 11113,460,810 (GRCh38)
- Highest magnitude
- 1.2Minor
- Tested on
- 23andMe, AncestryDNA, FamilyTreeDNA
- Minor allele frequency
- 24%
Genotypes
Plus strand, as in 23andMe and AncestryDNA files.
- G;GGoodnormal
- A;GNot ratedprone to higher nicotine dependence?
- A;AMost notableBadprone to higher nicotine dependence, more impulsive/sensation seeking
SNPedia records rs4648317 on the minus strand: (C;C), (C;T), (T;T). Magnitude rates how notable a genotype is from 0 to 10, not how risky it is.
Frequency
Share of each genotype in 11 HapMap populations.
- AverageG;G 59% A;G 34% A;A 7%
- European ancestry (Utah)G;G 75% A;G 23% A;A 2%
- Han Chinese (Beijing)G;G 36% A;G 43% A;A 21%
- Japanese (Tokyo)G;G 39% A;G 47% A;A 14%
- Yoruba (Nigeria)G;G 73% A;G 25% A;A 3%
- African ancestry (Southwest US)G;G 75% A;G 21% A;A 4%
- Chinese (Denver)G;G 35% A;G 53% A;A 12%
- Gujarati IndianG;G 64% A;G 34% A;A 2%
- Luhya (Kenya)G;G 78% A;G 19% A;A 3%
- Mexican ancestry (Los Angeles)G;G 41% A;G 50% A;A 9%
- Maasai (Kenya)G;G 66% A;G 32% A;A 2%
- TuscanG;G 69% A;G 24% A;A 8%
Related
Conditions, medicines and genes
Other DRD2 SNPs
- rs6277A;Anormal schizophrenia risk, learns NoGo fasterWorth knowing
- rs1076560A;Ainfluences working memoryWorth knowing
- rs1799732-;-less favorable clinical outcome when on antipsychoticsWorth knowing
- rs6275A;Acommon in clinvarTypical
- rs1799978T;Tcommon in clinvarTypical
- rs1800496G;Gcommon in complete genomicsTypical
- rs1801028G;Gnormal riskTypical
- rs11214606C;Ccommon on affy axiom dataTypical
Notes
From SNPedia
Notes
rs4648317, a SNP in the dopamine D2 receptor DRD2 gene, has been linked to higher rates of smoking and higher nicotine dependence scores, based on a study of ~220 adolescents. The risk allele rs4648317(T).
Source and license
Adapted from rs4648317 on SNPedia, using a snapshot taken October 16, 2026. SNPedia content is shared under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 US, and this page is shared under the same license.
SNPedia is a community-edited wiki. Its entries can be incomplete, out of date or wrong, and nothing here is a diagnosis or medical advice. Magnitude is a community rating of how interesting a genotype is, not a risk score.