rs4986790

rs4986790, a SNP also known as Asp299Gly (and also 896A/G) in the TLR4 gene, is often studied along with a cosegregating SNP known as Thr399Ile, rs4986791. (TLR4 encodes a receptor involved in the innate immune response.) Together, these SNPs have been reported to be associated with a wide variety of both infectious and non-infectious diseases, although there are conflicting or even contradictory results also reported in some cases. The risk allele for rs4986790 is (G). Reported associations include : * Diabetic neuropathy ** These SNPs may be protective * Heart disease ** Men with the risk alleles for both SNPs are at increased risk for myocardial infarction in this study of over 2000 individuals. ** rs4986790(G) carriers are not at increased risk for myocardial infartions, at least in this study of ~200 individuals. ** rs4986790(G) carriers are less likely to have heart attacks, in this study of ~400 individuals. ** Individuals with the risk alleles for both SNPs have a lower incidence of carotid stenosis * Premature birth ** Individuals with the risk alleles for both SNPs have a higher incidence for having their pregnancies associated with premature birth * Bacterial vaginosis ** Pregnant rs4986790(G) carriers are at increased risk for higher pH and a 10 fold higher level of certain bacteria * Bacterial infection ** Individuals with the risk alleles for both SNPs are more prone to gram-negative bacterial infections * Septic shock ** Individuals with the risk alleles for both SNPs are at higher risk for septic shock * Respiratory syncytial virus infection ** Individuals with the risk alleles for both SNPs are at higher risk for this type of viral infection. * Asthma ** Although not seen to influence the incidence of developing asthma, rs4986790(G) carriers who had asthma are reported to be more severely affected. * Allograft rejection ** Carriers of the risk alleles of either rs4986790 or rs4986791 have a lower rate of acute allograft rejection following lung transplantation. * Alzheimer's disease ** A study of 626 Northern Italian Alzheimer patients (427 women and 199 men; age range: 53-98 years; mean age: 74.88 +/- 8.44) found that rs4986790 was associated with increased risk for the disease. * cirrhosis rs4986790 and rs4986791 Results of three independent samples did not confirm previously reported association of rs4986790 with AMD, individually or combined.